Kids with autism sometimes struggle to communicate their needs or wants clearly, which can lead to challenging situations for parents and caregivers. Communication is hard, and not being able to communicate can be very frustrating. In fact, “problem” behavior is very often your child’s attempt to communicate something when they don’t have the tools to convey that message otherwise.
Like other important life skills, communication can be learned - and taught. One powerful tool to help kids with autism with their communication challenges is Functional Communication Training (FCT). With the help of a BCBA and behavior technician, both kids with autism and their families can learn to communicate more effectively.
What is Functional Communication Training?
Functional Communication Training (FCT) is a structured intervention used in Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA). The goal of FCT is to teach simple and easy ways to communicate. This replaces “problem” behavior that stems from communication deficits - like crying, yelling, or running away - with more effective ways of communicating.
Communication doesn’t necessarily mean talking a lot. It can mean using just one or two words to convey a message. Communication can be non-verbal too: gestures, sign language and using pictures are great options to help kids (and even adults) with autism navigate life.
Print Or Download Our Resource: Teaching Meaningful Communication [English | Spanish]
Functional Communication Training and ABA
Applied Behavioral Analysis (ABA) is an evidence-based approach to help people with autism develop critical skills to navigate life. ABA focuses on breaking down difficult skills into manageable steps, and using positive reinforcement and repetition to make these skills easier. FCT programs apply ABA strategies to communication.
At Behavioral Framework, we work with families to create a personalized FCT plan for you and your child. Our Board Certified Behavior Analysts (BCBAs) work with families to create a personalized plan for you and your child. We work with you to identify the message behind confusing, unproductive behavior, and find a suitable replacement that is within your child’s skills and developmental stage.
Functional Communication Training Examples
Functional Communication Training looks different for every child, but the following examples can help parents understand how it applies to real life situations:
- Teaching a child to tap their parent’s shoulder to request their attention instead of yelling
- Signing “leave me alone” instead of hitting someone if they need space
- Saying “break” when they need a break from an activity instead of biting their arm
FCT helps kids with autism manage big feelings of frustration that come with not being able to communicate.
Functional Communication Training Tips For Parents
FCT can be very effective, but it takes work, time and patience. Parents play a very important role in FCT, as the goal is for your child to be able to communicate with you and vice versa. The following tips can help prepare you for the process and bring you closer to success.
- Practice is key: The more practice your child has with you, the faster they will learn. More practice leads to greater communication increases and faster reductions in problem behavior.
- Keep your expectations realistic: Even if your child is a great communicator, the goal is to make communication quick and easy for them. Adding complexity can lead to more frustration.
- Address challenging behaviors: Be prepared to deal with difficult or unproductive behaviors. This part of the process is important and while this can be tiring, it won’t last forever.
- Stay calm: Dealing with challenging behavior can be overwhelming. Recognize when you are feeling overwhelmed and take a step away. When you are calm, your child is more likely to be calm. This will help maintain a positive learning environment.
Need Help Communicating With Your Child?
Communication can be hard. We can work together to make it easier for you and your child. Behavioral Framework is a leading provider of ABA therapy in Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, and DC. We have a leading team of clinical experts including BCBAs, psychologists and registered behavior technicians (RBTs) ready to help..
Many kids with autism that struggle to convey their needs go on to lead happy fulfilling lives by learning better ways to communicate through FCT. Yours can too.